Lessons learned from phosphine resistance monitoring in Australia

Heavy reliance on phosphine to disinfest stored grain over the last few decades has led to the development of resistance in key stored grain insect pests around the globe jeopardising the long-term sustainability of this key fumigant. Australia is the only country in the world with a national resistance monitoring program which has, for over two decades, diagnosed, recorded and
managed resistance to phosphine. The purpose of this review is to highlight the lessons learned from the Australian experience.